Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0

Author-Name: Laszlo Bodis
Author-Workplace-Name: Ministry of Culture and Innovation, Hungarian Innovation Agency
Author-Email:  
Author-Person: 

Author-Name: Adam Kiss 
Author-Workplace-Name: National Research, Development and Innovation Office
Author-Email: elnok@nkfih.gov.hu
Author-Person: 

Title: The Evolution of Trust in Central Banks during the Covid Crisis

Abstract: Productivity is significantly higher in countries that consistently spend at least 3
per cent of GDP on R&D, irrespective of economic cycles. Increasing productivity
is necessary to boost the competitiveness of the economy and accordingly,
significant growth in domestic R&D expenditure is essential. The challenges of the
Hungarian RDI ecosystem have been properly identified, and the policy actions of
recent years have put in place a strategic, institutional and funding framework
to achieve these goals. In the long term, the objective is to create an ecosystem
that is self-sustaining on a market basis, but where the state assumes a key role in
designing the regulatory environment and the funding and supporting instruments.
By systematically implementing the strategy outlined in this article, Hungary may
be able to boost its economic performance through innovative, Hungarian-owned
firms capable of producing high value-added products.

Classification-JEL: O30, O38, O40
Keywords: RDI ecosystem, innovation by SMEs, economic competitiveness, value added, public incentives to promote innovation
Pages: 101-131
Volume: 24
Issue: 1
Year: 2025
File-URL: https://hitelintezetiszemle.mnb.hu/sw/static/file/fer-24-1-ove1-bodis-kiss.pdf
File-Format: Application/pdf
Handle: RePEc:mnb:finrev:v:24:y:2025:i:1:p:101-131